(Chargeing your cellphone in 20 seconds)
美國加州一名18歲的少女(Esha Khare），發明一項充電裝置，只要20秒，就可以讓手機充飽，她利用奈米化學技術，讓電容器體積大幅縮小，小小一片，蓄電量是傳統電容器的3倍，這項發明，不僅讓她在國際競賽中受到矚目，就連Google也對產品很有興趣。
英國《每日郵報》(Daily Mail)報導，來自加州薩拉托加市（Saratoga）的18歲女生卡瑞（Esha Khare）把這具超快充電裝置稱為「超級電容器」（supercapacitor），只需20到30秒就能充飽電，而且充電循環次數可達1萬次，是一般電池的10倍。
(她利用奈米化學技術，讓電容器體積大幅縮小，這小小一片，外層包覆類似塑膠的可彎折聚合物，蓄電量是傳統電容器的3倍，而且充電超快，只要20秒，儲存電量的時間也比傳統電池還長，可使用1萬次，大概是傳統電池的10倍左右。)
卡瑞目前只在發光二極體（LED）上測試過，若日後經改良用於手機電池，手機沒電時只要幾十秒即可恢復電力。這項發明為她贏得上週舉行的英特爾國際科學競賽5萬美元（近150萬台幣）獎金，科技業巨擘谷歌（Google）公司也對這項發明感興趣，Google已和她接觸，想了解她未來的計畫如何改造手機電池。
卡瑞(Esha Khare）專研奈米化學技術，因此得以縮小她這具裝置。她又說：「它也有彈性，因此可以用於捲軸式顯示器，還有服飾與紡織品。它有很多不同應用方式，就此而言勝過電池。」
媒體問起她研究電力貯存技術的動機，她說：「因為我的手機電池老是沒電。」卡瑞已獲得哈佛大學的入學資格，她將用5萬美元獎金支付學費。
High School Student Creates Storage Device that Can Charge in 20 Seconds
She won the $50,000 Intel Foundation Young Scientist Award
A high school student from California has created a way to charge cell phones completely in just 20-30 seconds.
Eesha Khare, 18, of Saratoga, California, recently won the $50,000 Intel Foundation Young Scientist Award for her fast-charging device.
The device uses an improved supercapacitorthat can store a lot of energy into a small space using a nanorod electrode. It is capable of 10,000 charge-recharge cycles and can fully charge a cell phone in 20-30 seconds.
Traditional chargers typically take hours to achieve a full charge, and are capable of only 1,000 cycles for rechargeable batteries.
Khare said her supercapacitor has been used to power an LED, and sees her invention being placed in cell phones in the future.
"It is also flexible, so it can be used in rollup displays and clothing and fabric," Khare said. "It has a lot of different applications and advantages over batteries in that sense."
This definitely isn't the first time a high school student has come up with a brilliant invention in recent years. Just last year, 15-year-old Jack Andraka invented a new pancreatic cancer testthat earned him the $75,000 prize from another Intel-sponsored fair.
paper:
http://www.usc.edu/CSSF//History/2013/Projects/S0912.pdf
Objectives/Goals
With the rapid growth of portable electronics, it has become necessary to develop efficient energy-storage technology to match this development. While batteries are currently used for energy-storage, they suffer from long charging times and short cycle life. Electrochemical supercapacitors have attracted attention as energy-storage devices because they bridge the gap between current alternatives of conventional capacitors and batteries, offering higher energy density than conventional capacitors and higher power density than batteries. Despite these advantages, supercapacitor energy density is much lower than batteries and increasing energy density remains a key challenge in supercapacitor research. The goal of this work was to design and synthesize a supercapacitor with increased energy density while maintaining
power density and long cycle life.
Methods/Materials
To improve supercapacitor energy density, I designed, synthesized, and characterized a novel core-shell nanorod electrode with hydrogenated TiO2 (H-TiO2) core and polyaniline shell. H-TiO2 acts as the double layer electrostatic core. Good conductivity of H-TiO2 combined with the high pseudocapacitance of polyaniline results in significantly higher overall capacitance and energy density while retaining good power density and cycle life. This new electrode was fabricated into a flexible solid-state device to light an LED to test it in a practical application.
Results
Structural and electrochemical properties of the new electrode were evaluated. It demonstrated high capacitance of 203.3 mF/cm2 (238.5 F/g) compared to the next best alternative supercapacitor in previous research of 80 F/g, due to the design of the core-shell structure. This resulted in excellent energy density of 20.1 Wh/kg, comparable to batteries, while maintaining a high power density of 20540 W/kg. It also demonstrated a much higher cycle life compared to batteries, with a low 32.5% capacitance loss over 10,000 cycles at a high scan rate of 200 mV/s.
Conclusions/Discussion
This project successfully designed, synthesized and characterized a novel nanorod electrode
supercapacitor with increased energy density while retaining power density and long cycle life. This work is an important initial step in introducing this new electrode material in supercapacitors to replace conventional batteries in flexible electronic devices.
Here's her 'more detailed' paper about it:
http://www.usc.edu/CSSF//History/2013/Projects/S09...
So in short, she improved a Supercapacitor by using a nanorod elecrtode to hold more storage (20Wh/kg), similar to a battery according to her (Li-Ion have 200Wh/kg, so still a long way to go), but better than current mass produced supercapacitor technology (5-10 Wh/kg).
But it's just like all those nice battery technologies using nano technology which allows to charge them in a minute, while having longer life time and can store more energy than current Li-Ion tech. It's technology produced in a lab, far from mass producition, and in the end it probably never will see mass production because of other defects.
Her research looks way less impressive if you compare her results to current Supercapacitors also produced in a lab, instead of mass produced models. Supercapacitors on aerogel achieve 90Wh/kg, or graphene, or carbon nanotubes, all way better than her 'invention'.
All in all, it's impressive what she did at such a young age (probably with a lot of help, how else can she have the tools and knowledge to produce it), but it's not what Intel or the media wants to tell us. Such 'inventions' happen daily at Universities and no one reports about them.
Search of Google shows us this:
http://research.pbsci.ucsc.edu/chemistry/li/public...
A research paper, published 15 months ago, which includes Dr. Yat Li as the author, regarding hydrogenated TiO2 supercapacitors. Basically, she stood beside him as he demonstrated an application for research he has already done.
一般電池特性:
Panasonic UR18650ZTA and the UR18650SAX.
http://www.panasonic.com/industrial/includes/pdf/U...
http://www.panasonic.com/industrial/includes/pdf/U...
http://www.panasonic.com/industrial/includes/pdf/P...
http://www.eemb.com/pdf/Li-ion/LIR3032.pdf
UCLA 研究" micro-supercapacitors"
reference:
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